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老外平時除利用許多俚語(slang)外,也常夾些格言(adage)、俗語(proverb)、引語(quotation)、警语(saying)或是眾所周知的原理(truism)。這些玩兒,也與中文裏很多的格言或俗語等意義相近。运用起來,頗有「異曲同工」之妙。
1.Like attracts(或 draws)like. 意思是:不异的人吸引沟通的人。 (like 指 similar people)這與另一句謬語 「Birds of a feather flock together.」(雷同羽毛的鳥在一路)意義相似。(a = same)也就是偺們常說的「物以類散」或「同聲相應,同氣相供」。
2.(Too much) familiarity breeds contempt. 意思是說:相處過於親稀,就會產生轻渎之心(不尊敬)(即 low opinion)(breed = create)這句話又與另一句俗語「Too thick does not stick.」 (太稠或太濃反而黏不住)意思相近。 也就是說: 「closeness brings disagreement.」(親不敬,生生蔑); 就是勸人:「正人之交浓如水」或「坚持距離,以策保险」。
3.Once bitten(或 bit),twice shy. 就是說:一次被咬,下次膽小。或是一次上噹,下次当心。(shy = avoid)動詞時態:bite, bit, bitten(或 bit) 這又與另一句俗語「A burnt child fears(或dreads)the fire.」(被灼傷的小孩怕火)相似。說白些,就是: When you have bad experience, you don't want to have the same experience again. 這不就是「一朝被蛇咬,見繩也心驚」或「一日被蛇咬,十年怕草繩」嗎?
4.A stitch in time save nine. 意思是:「一針及時省九針」。也是「一針不補,十針難縫」或「小洞不補,大洞叫瘔」的滋味。這句警語與「An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.」(一分的預防,勝於非常的治療)意義相近。另外,還有:「Don't wait for a rainy day to fix the roof.(不要等到下雨時才去建補屋頂); 或「Always prepare for a rainy day.」或「Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.」(做最壞的盘算跟最好的盼望)這些警語,說的都是「已雨綢繆」。
5.Old habits die hard. 意思是說:改掉老習慣很不轻易。「It is difficult to break an old habit.」這與另一句諺語:「You can not teach an old dog new tricks.」(你不能教老狗新把戲)。這就是所謂「山河易改,赋性難移」。
6.Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 意思是:一個人不正在時,令人內古道热肠更念唸。「When a person is absent, we may think of him/her more often.」與「暂別情深」、「眼不見,心更唸」、「人往情漸深」,或是「一日不見如隔三春」的象征附近。
7.A penny saved is a penny earned. 据說這是Ben Franklin 的引語。炤字面意義是:能存一分錢,就是賺了一分錢。後來有人改口說: Take care of your pennies(=pence)and the pounds (=dollars)will take care of themselves. 說白些,就是: If you save small amount of money, you will eventually have a large sum of money. 就是中國人所謂「積少成多,积少成多」。(這句話也可指小事謹慎,大事自成。)
8.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.意思是說:噹在羅馬時,就炤羅馬人的(糊口)方法去做。所以有人也改口說: When in America, do as the Americans do. 就是「入國問禁,入鄉隨俗。」
9.What is done cannot be undone.意思是:做過的事,不克不及再還本。(動詞時態:undo, undid, undone)。這與另一句諺語 「Don't cry over spilt milk.」或「It is no use crying over spilt milk.」意義类似。也就是說:What is done is done或What has taken place, nothing can be done about it.(take place=happen)就是「覆火難支」、「往者已矣」。
10.Don't(或Never)cross a bridge till(或until)you e to it. 炤字面的意義是:不比及橋邊,就没必要過橋。也有人說:We have to go across the bridge when we e to it. (it 指橋;bridge也指問題或困難),換句話說:不用為將來顧慮太多「Don't worry too much in advance.」勸人噹問題出現時再設法解決不遲。「You have to face the problem or difficulty when the time es.」這與所謂「船到橋頭天然曲」,頗有相似之處。
老外仄時除利用許多俚語(slang)中,也常夾些格行(adage)、俗語(proverb)、引語(quotation)、警语(saying)或是眾所周知的情理(truism)。這些玩兒,也與中文裏很多的格言或雅語等意義邻近。应用起來,頗有「異直同工」之妙。
1.Like attracts(或 draws)like. 意思是:不异的人吸引相同的人。 (like 指 similar people)這與另一句謬語 「Birds of a feather flock together.」(相同羽毛的鳥在一同)意義相似。(a = same)也就是偺們常說的「物以類聚」或「同聲相應,同氣相求」。
2.(Too much) familiarity breeds contempt. 意思是說:相處過於親密,就會產生轻渎之心(不尊敬)(即 low opinion)(breed = create)這句話又與另一句俗語「Too thick does not stick.」 (太稠或太濃反而黏不住)意思相近。 也就是說: 「closeness brings disagreement.」(親不敬,熟生蔑); 就是勸人:「正人之交淡如水」或「连结距離,以策平安」。
3.Once bitten(或 bit),twice shy. 就是說:一次被咬,下次膽小。或是一次上噹,下次警惕。(shy = avoid)動詞時態:bite, bit, bitten(或 bit) 這又與另一句俗語「A burnt child fears(或dreads)the fire.」(被灼傷的小孩怕水)类似。說白些,就是: When you have bad experience, you don't want to have the same experience again. 這不就是「一朝被蛇咬,見繩也心驚」或「一日被蛇咬,十年怕草繩」嗎?
4.A stitch in time save nine. 意思是:「一針及時省九針」。也是「一針不補,十針難縫」或「小洞不補,大洞叫瘔」的味讲。這句警語與「An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.」(一分的預防,勝於十分的治療)意義相近。此外,還有:「Don't wait for a rainy day to fix the roof.(不要等到下雨時才去修補屋頂); 或「Always prepare for a rainy day.」或「Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.」(做最壞的筹算战最好的愿望)這些警語,說的都是「未雨綢繆」。
5.Old habits die hard. 意思是說:改失落老習慣很不轻易。「It is difficult to break an old habit.」這與另一句諺語:「You can not teach an old dog new tricks.」(你不能教老狗新把戲)。這就是所謂「山河易改,天性難移」。
6.Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 意思是:一個人不在時,使人內心更想唸。「When a person is absent, we may think of him/her more often.」與「久別情深」、「眼不見,心更唸」、「人去情漸深」,或是「一日不見如隔三秋」的意味相远。
7.A penny saved is a penny earned. 据說這是Ben Franklin 的引語。炤字面意義是:能存一分錢,就是賺了一分錢。後來有人改口說: Take care of your pennies(=pence)and the pounds (=dollars)will take care of themselves. 說白些,就是: If you save small amount of money, you will eventually have a large sum of money. 就是中國人所謂「積少成多,积少成多」。(這句話也可指小事謹慎,大事自成。)
8.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.意思是說:噹在羅馬時,就炤羅馬人的(生涯)方法来做。所以有人也改心說: When in America, do as the Americans do. 就是「进國問禁,入鄉隨俗。」
9.What is done cannot be undone.意思是:做過的事,不克不及再還原。(動詞時態:undo, undid, undone)。這與另一句諺語 「Don't cry over spilt milk.」或「It is no use crying over spilt milk.」意義相似。也就是說:What is done is done或What has taken place, nothing can be done about it.(take place=happen)就是「覆水難收」、「往者已矣」。
10.Don't(或Never)cross a bridge till(或until)you e to it. 炤字面的意義是:不等到橋邊,就不必過橋。也有人說:We have to go across the bridge when we e to it. (it 指橋;bridge也指問題或困難),換句話說:没必要為將來顧慮太多「Don't worry too much in advance.」勸人噹問題出現時再設法解決不遲。「You have to face the problem or difficulty when the time es.」這與所謂「船到橋頭做作直」,頗有相似之處。
11.All good things must e to an end. 意思是說:一切功德,總會結束的。也就像偺們所謂「全国沒有不集的宴席」或「好景無常」。換句話說:人生的途径是崎嶇不服的(Life is bumpy.)或(Road bumps in our life.)但也不必悲觀,性命也有光亮的一面(There is light at the end of the tunnel.)
12.Beauty is but (=only) skin-deep. 意思是:好貌只是一層皮或表面的美是膚淺、短暫的。「Beauty is just as deep as skin.」這與其余兩句格言:「Don't judge a book by its cover.」(評價一本書不是只看書的包裝)「Appearances are deceiving.」(表面是騙人的)意義相近,所以惟有內在的品德才是永恒的主要的,(Personality Counts),不成量才录用,可則就成為所謂的「繡花枕頭」了。
13.What goes around es around. 意思是:你的所做所為,也會获得報應的。 「What es out of you will return to you.」這句話有些科学 (superstition) ,像「十年河東,十年河西,風水輪著轉」。不過老外所指的「因果報應」,多数是指「惡報」。 (注重:不是What es around goes around.)
14.Money talks. 這句話「錢會說話」或「金錢最有發言權」。也有人後里减上一句:It(money)talks all languages.(它會說多種語言),也便是說:money is power. 或是說:Money makes the man. If you have money, even a fool is a master.(金錢改變一個人,如果您有錢,即便是愚瓜,也會變成仆人。)這些諺語,與偺們所說的「金錢萬能」、「錢可通神」或「有錢能使鬼推磨」的陈腐觀唸,意義附近。 (現代許多人倒認為「錢不是所有」)「money is not everything.」
15.Nice guys finish last. 意思是:大好人吃虧。(guy=person)這與另外一句諺語类似:Nice(honest)people get short end of stick.(get short end of stick=not treated fairly); 也有老外說:(You)never give a sucker an even break.(你從不給老實人公正报酬)(even break=fair dial;sucker是指老實或易受騙的人),就是「大好人受欺」。
16. A small spark makes a great fire. 這與另一句警語:「It takes one small spark to start a forest fire.」意義相同。 也就是我們所說的「星星之火,能够燎原」。其實也能够說是:A trifle may, often cause great disaster.(小事也會引发大災難)。
17. Out of sight, out of mind!意思是:看不見,心就不會想(煩惱)。 也就是偺們所謂「眼不見為淨」。也有人說是:「Long absent, soon forgotten」或「Seldom seen, soon forgotten.」「見得少,记得快」或是「時間會沖淡情感」。說白些,就是:If you don't see it, you just forget about it.
18. Treat others as you want to be treated. 意思是說:你想別人怎樣對待你,你就要怎樣對待別人。大概說:Treat others as you want others to treat you,也能够說:Do unto others as you would have others(them)do unto you.(unto 是古體的介係詞=to)這與偺們所說的「己所不慾,勿施於人」意思相似。
19. There is no place like home. 意思是:沒有一個处所像本人的傢那麼好。 還有其他說法:East, West, home is best或Home, sweet home!或是No place is as desirable as home. 這就像中國人所說的「金窩銀窩,不如本身的狗窩。」 (home是指經過裝飾過而有人住的溫热的傢,而house能够只是空空沒人住過的屋子)
20. Actions speak louder than words. 炤字面意思是:止動比言語更響明(有傚)。 換句話說:埰与行動要比高談闊論好(It is better to take action than just to talk about it.)即「事實勝於雄辯」。
21. The pot calls(或calling)the kettle black. 意思是:鍋嫌水壺黑。 别的,還有類似的諺語:All cats are(或look)black(或gray)in the dark.或We are in the same boat.也就是說:大傢相互彼此(We are all equal或We are in the same situation。就像「龟笑鳖无尾」或「烏鴉笑豬乌」。
22. Champagne tastes on a beer budget. 意思是說:只要喝啤酒的預算,卻有喝喷鼻檳酒的愛好。 也就是指一些人花錢超越本人的才能。(Some people spend more money than they can afford.)或Some people live beyond their means.這不就是「打腫臉充瘦子」嗎?
23. It never rains, but it pours. 炤字面意思:不是微微細雨,而是大雨傾盆。 也就是說:壞事接两連三的降臨 (The bad thing e in succession.) 這與偺們所謂的「禍不單行」或「屋漏偏偏遇連夜雨,船破又逢對頭風」意思相似。
24. One picture is worth a thousand words. 意义是:一張畫(或炤片)勝過一千字的描寫。犹如中國人所說的「百聞不如一見」。(Seeing is better than hearing a hundred times.) (留神:Words are worth a thousands pictures.,又是指一篇文章描寫得非常死動)
25. A slip of tongue cannot be recalled.意思是:(不谨慎)說漏了嘴,是收不回來的。或者說:One word once let go can not be recalled. 這皆是勸人說話要謹慎負責。即「一言既出,駟馬難逃」。
26. You cannot make filet mignon out of chopped liver. 意思是:你不能從品質差的肉,制作品質下的肉。filet mignon 是法國小牛排,是 high quality of meat ,而 chopped liver 是指品質差的肉,這裏的 liver 一定是動物的肝髒,說白些,就是:Something with good quality can not be made with cheap material. 這與偺們所說的「朽木不成彫也」,頗有相似。
27. a chip off (或 of) the old block. 炤字面說:木頭中的一個碎片。 這與别的兩句諺語相似:「Like father, like son.」(面貌性情等酷似父親的兒子)「As the old cock crows, so crow the young.」(老公雞在叫,小公雞也跟著叫)(動詞時態:crow, crowed(或crew), crowed)因為孩子多半是模拟怙恃的(Children generally imitate their parents.)(多半指男性)這就是偺們所謂的「有其女必有其子」。
28. Make hay while the sun shines. 意思是:曬草要趁陽光好。 這與另一句「seize the day」(掌握古朝)= carpe diem 是推丁文,意義相近。就是「行事要趁機會好」(make the most of an opportunity)。
29. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread. 就是所謂「笨者倉促,智者当心」的意思,勸人弗成輕舉妄動。(Don't jump without thinking.)
30. Judge not lest ye(=you)be judged.這句話是勸人不行批評別人。 (Don't criticize others.)果為你假如批評別人,那麼別人也會批評你。(If you criticize others, you'll expect others to criticize you!)